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It was first synthesized in 1900 by Oscar Döbner by Knevenagel condensation of malonic acid and crotonic aldehyde in pyridine
Sorbic acid is currently produced in industry by condensation of ketene with crotonic aldehyde in the presence of acid catalysts (e.g. BF3), the resulting 3-hydroxyhexenoic acid lactone is then hydrolyzed and dehydrated to sorbic acid.